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| Jim in the Clay Studio |

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| Opening the raku kiln at 1800 degrees. |

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| Pieces catch fire as they are transferred to the can for the final stage of the raku process. |
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JAMES
KLINGER is an artist, musician, and teacher. He has a bachelor's degree in Art Education from Wright
State University in Dayton, Ohio, and he has studied at Central State University in Wilberforce, Ohio, and Sinclair College
in Dayton. James' ceramic sculpture and pottery are represented in private and corporate collections in North
America, Europe and Asia. He has exhibited his art in several states since 1991.
Prior careers
include eight years in architectural design, eight years in secondary art education and thirty years as a professional
musician. His most recent apprenticeship was with the Peruvian teacher Oscar Miro-Quesada. James is known
for his long-standing relationship with raku ceramics, an ancient, Japanese art form which combines Buddhist philosophies,
raku ware, and the Zen tea ceremony. Initially pulling inspiration from the East, this Midwestern artist now weaves
Andean and Celtic cosmologies into a global fusion.
A passionate Ecologist, James says his work remembers the time when the mineral, plant and animal
kingdom were sacred. He believes we must strive to reconnect with nature to heal ourselves and our planet.
RAKU
The ancient art of raku dates back to 16th century Japan.
Originally from the Chinese, the character for raku means: "contentment, enjoyment, pleasure, and best in all the
world." The first raku pottery pieces were created by an immigrant potter who was chosen by an influential Japanese
tea master to produce wares of refined simplicity for the sacred Zen Buddhist tea ceremony.
Raku has been westernized over the years, but it is still,
basically, the process of firing clay in an outdoor kiln to a temperature of around 1800 degrees Fahrenheit. The clay
piece is then removed from the kiln with tongs and placed into a can of combustible material, such as straw. After the
piece flames up, the can is covered tightly with the lid, thus depriving it of oxygen; this is called post-firing reduction.
The flames seek oxygen from the clay, so they leave their colors and markings on the piece in random patterns. The colors
on the finished piece reflect the interaction between the flames and the precious metals--copper and silver--in the glazes.
Each raku piece is therefore unique; it is impossible for any two pieces to be the same. Raku is fragile and should
be handled like glass.
PLEASE NOTE:
All artwork, designs, and photographic images
on this web site are original and subject to copyright laws. Copyright 2003. All Rights Reserved. Thank
you for respecting this.
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